If you’ve ever had to complete the FAFSA questionnaire or the CSS/Profile, you know what a pain it is. Endless questions about assets, this year’s taxes, last year’s taxes, taxes from two years ago… Just submitting the documents is a huge relief.
But this arduous work isn’t for nothing— it’s an interview for the loans that have made college possible for millions.
Your school’s financial aid office will offer you a package based on your eligibility, but what aid you accept is your choice. Each loan offered differs in function:
Stafford Loan
This is the most popular student loan, and it’s no surprise why— the Stafford is offered by the Federal government, which means low interest rates and tax deductibility. The drawback is that its funds are capped extremely low, not enough for full tuition.
Perkins Loan
Like the Stafford, the Perkins loan comes from the Feds. Unlike the Stafford, it sends funds directly to the student, and divvies out its funds based on demonstrated need. This makes a Perkins loan excellent for low-income students. However, not all institutions are part of the program, and funds often deplete before demand is filled.
There are also State loans that offer financing under certain conditions. Of course, these differ depending on where you live.
The other government option is the PLUS loan, which is taken out by a student’s parents. These loans can be large enough to cover the bulk of the cost of college. The parents must go through a pre-approval process beforehand, and have considerably good credit.
Not all students receive adequate financing from the government, and so the private sector steps in:
Private Loans
No FAFSA needed for these— their flexibility can close the gap in paying for school. But like consumer loans, their increased versatility comes with higher interest rates.
Consolidation Loans
These work by lumping all debt into one package. Consider only if your ability to pay is in question, because it will cost you far more interest in the end.
And before you take out a loan, make sure that you and your financial aid officer have considered all the debt-free options: scholarships, grants, and work-study.
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